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Social Security Improvements Linked To Longer Life Span Print E-mail
Living - Health & Fitness
TS-Si News Service   
Sunday, 20 February 2011 03:00
Valhalla, NY, USA. According to a new study published in the Journal of Public Health Policy, when Social Security benefits are improved, people over the age of 65 benefit most, and may even live longer.

Americans curently over the age of 65 experienced steep declines in the rate of mortality in the periods that followed the founding of — and subsequent improvements to — Social Security. The study authors urge that as Congress and the President discuss the extensive changes to Social Security under consideration they consider the benefit of reduced mortality and improved health among older Americans.

“The political discourse around Social Security focuses exclusively on the system’s long-range financial problems rather than on the benefits of improved health and reduced poverty,” said Peter Arno, Ph.D., the study’s lead author and professor and director of the doctoral program in the Department of Health Policy and Management of the School of Health Sciences and Practice at New York Medical College.

“If Social Security is put on the chopping block, lawmakers will jeopardize the most important safety net for America’s elderly.”

“By not considering the benefits of reduced mortality and poverty reduction, policy-makers are grossly underestimating Social Security’s benefits to society.”

— Peter Arno
Arno and his colleagues analyzed the effect of Social Security on mortality over the course of the 20th century. After controlling for factors such as changes in the economy, access to medical care, and Medicare, they found that:
  • Although mortality rates for all adults fell during the 20th century, rates of decline for those 65 and older changed more than 50 percent in the decades following the introduction of Social Security in 1940.

  • Rates of decline for the younger age groups remained virtually the same during this period.

  • The trend was particularly pronounced following marked improvements in Social Security benefits between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s.

The findings of this study support earlier studies that have demonstrated that beneficiaries with higher lifetime earnings experienced lower mortality rates, and that higher supplemental security income benefit levels reduced mortality and disability for those recipients.

Improved health status among elders could have other fiscal impacts, including lower Medicare costs.

"Many policy-makers are proposing cuts to Social Security benefits as a way of addressing long-term federal budget deficits. “If policy-makers are going to have a well-informed discussion on Social Security, it is critical that they fully appreciate the program’s role in improving the health and well-being of our nation’s elderly,” says Peter Arno.

FundingPeter Arno's work is funded through a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation® Investigator Award in Health Policy Research.
CitationSocial Security and mortality: The role of income support policies and population health in the United States. Peter S Arno, James S House, Deborah Viola and Clyde Schechter. Journal of Public Health Policy 2011; ePub ahead of print. doi:10.1057/jphp.2011.2

Abstract

Social Security is the most important and effective income support program ever introduced in the United States, alleviating the burden of poverty for millions of elderly Americans. We explored the possible role of Social Security in reducing mortality among the elderly. In support of this hypothesis, we found that declines in mortality among the elderly exceeded those among younger age groups following the initial implementation of Social Security in 1940, and also in the periods following marked improvements in Social Security benefits via legislation and indexing of benefits that occurred between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s. A better understanding of the link between Social Security and health status among the elderly would add a significant and missing dimension to the public discourse over the future of Social Security, and the potential role of income support programs in reducing health-related socioeconomic disparities and improving population health.

TS-Si News ServiceThe TS-Si News Service is a collaborative effort by TS-Si.org editors, contributors, and corresponding institutions. The sources can include the cited individuals and organizations, as well as TS-Si.org staff contributions. Articles and news reports do not necessarily convey official positions of TS-Si, its partners, or affiliates.

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Last Updated on Saturday, 19 February 2011 20:43
 
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