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| Sex-based Genetic Differences Found In Prenatal Brain |
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| SciMed - Biology | |||
| TS-Si News Service | |||
| Saturday, 24 October 2009 21:00 | |||
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Uppsala, Sweden. Prenatal sex-based biological differences extend to genetic expression in cerebral cortices. The differences in question are probably associated with later divergences in how our brains develop. This is shown in a new study by Elena Jazin and Björn Reinius of Uppsala universitet. Based on the evidence, it is presumed that these differences are very old and have survived the evolutionary process.
Jazin and Reinius, a doctoral student, had previously demonstrated that genetic expression in the cerebral cortices of human beings and other primates exhibits certain sex-based differences. Both the past and current research efforts are part of a long-range research objective to identify the initial genetic mechanisms that prompt the
London, United Kingdom. New findings argue for the persistence of sex-linked chromosomes, such as the male Y  chromosome, refuting theories that the Y is doomed to extinction.
The results confirm that although these chromosom...
The purpose of the new study was to determine whether genetic mechanisms appear during the process of brain development or first upon the conclusion of that process. The Uppsala universitet researchers analyzed data, on the basis of sex, from another extensive study of the prenatal human brain. Their findings extend the previous results and appear in the journal Molecular Psychiatry. “Taking account of sex-based differences is crucial to the study of normal and abnormal brain activity,” says Jazin, a professor in the Department of
It is as yet unknown whether the differences in genetic expression among female and male brains have any functional significance. That is, the scientists have not yet precisely described the specifics of the genes and mapped the interactions necessary to arrive at varying developmental outcomes. Blocking male-specific genetic information could default to the female alternative or, depending on the specific gene involved, lead to male-specific developmental disorders. “The findings are consistent with other factors, such as environment, also playing a role in how we develop,” Jazin emphasizes. “Taking account of sex-based differences is crucial to the study of normal and abnormal brain activity.” Research UpdateThis report extends findings from a previous research study. For more information, see the TS-Si.org article Sexual Dimorphism Signatures In The Brains Of Humans And Other Primates.
FundingThis
work was supported by grants from the Börströms Foundation to Jennifer
A. Leonard and Elena Jazin, the Swedish Science Foundation to Elena
Jazin, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to Yoav Gilad.
Citation[C1] mRNA expression of Y-linked transcripts in 12 regions of the prenatal human male brain. B Reinius and E Jazin. Molecular Psychiatry 2009; 14(11): 987; doi: 10.1038/mp.2009.114. Publication abstract currently unavailable.
[C2] Prenatal sex differences in the human brain. B Reinius and E Jazin. Molecular Psychiatry 2009; 14(11): 988-989; doi: 10.1038/mp.2009.79 Publication abstract currently unavailable.
 The TS-Si News Service is a collaborative effort by TS-Si.org editors, contributors, and corresponding institutions. Sources can include the cited individuals and organizations, as well as TS-Si.org staff contributions. Articles and news reports do not necessarily convey official positions of TS-Si, its partners, or affiliates. We welcome your comments. Use the form below to leave a public comment or send private correspondence via the TS-Si Contact Page. We will not divulge any personal details or place you on a mailing list without your permission.TS-Si is dedicated to the acceptance, medical treatment, and legal protection of individuals correcting the misalignment of their brains and their anatomical sex, while supporting their transition into society as hormonally reconstituted and surgically corrected citizens.
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